Turning the page on our literacy crisis will require all of us
Editor’s Note: This blog post is co-authored by Dr. Felicia Cumings Smith, President & CEO of the National Center for Family Learning, and Dreama Gentry, Chief Executive Officer of Partners for Rural Impact. Both are native Kentuckians with decades of experience leading transformative education and literacy initiatives.
In George Ella Lyon’s children’s book Come a Tide, a young Appalachian watches as late winter rains swell the creeks and the receiving river grows beyond its banks, flooding her mountain community. The rain comes “down like curtains” and water rises through gardens, yards and homes. But after the devastation, something remarkable happens. Making friends with their shovels, everyone ‘digs out’ together, clearing debris and starting the hard work of rebuilding.
As Kentucky natives who have dedicated our careers to education—even while facing down real floods ourselves—this story’s message of community resilience resonates deeply. For Felicia, who leads national family literacy initiatives, Lyon’s story illustrates how crisis can lead to breakthroughs when people stick together. For Dreama, who drives rural education partnerships across the country, the story reflects how authentic change must be rooted in the strengths and realities of place.
Yet the harsh reality is that for millions across Kentucky and America, reading even a simple storybook like Come a Tide remains inaccessible.
The Rising Crisis
The literacy crisis in America is not receding—it’s rising.
The Preschool Learning Activities Survey found that the proportion of children whose families read to them has fallen by an average of 12% from pre-pandemic levels, representing hundreds of thousands of children missing critical early literacy experiences that build the foundation for reading success.
The picture is even more concerning in K-12 education. The Nation’s Report Card (from the National Assessment of Educational Progress) reveals that reading scores for 4th graders dropped two points from the last assessment in 2022 and five points from pre-pandemic levels. Similar declines were observed for 8th graders.
The economic consequences of these trends are staggering. The Barbara Bush Foundation for Family Literacy estimates that low literacy costs the U.S. economy $2.2 trillion annually in lost productivity, lower wages, and increased healthcare and social service expenses. In states like Kentucky, where manufacturing, healthcare, and technology sectors are growing, employers increasingly struggle to find workers with the literacy skills needed to fill available positions, leaving good jobs vacant while too many remain unemployed or underemployed.
Last month, the U.S. Department of Education released billions of dollars in education grant funding to states—money that had been held up for weeks. These funds include millions for adult education programs, after-school, and summer learning programming. While the release of these funds and proposed Department priorities aimed at K-12 literacy are a step in the right direction, we would encourage the Department, funders, and other key leaders to strongly consider the importance of multigenerational approaches to improving reading and literacy outcomes.
Both of our organizations have decades of experience with breaking intergenerational cycles of low literacy and engaging communities to create real change for educational outcomes. This work requires approaches that bridge early childhood, K-12 students, adult learners, and community partners—equipping entire families with the support they need to thrive.
Rewriting Our Future
We need your help to stem the tide of low literacy. Like neighbors responding after a flood, we need your commitment to mobilize resources, coordinate efforts, and refuse to leave anyone behind. What you can give will depend on where you sit.
Public and private funding is critical to scale approaches that strengthen both child and adult literacy. For policymakers, this means passing comprehensive policies that support literacy development across the lifespan, with special attention to transition points where learners often fall through the cracks. For private funders, it means giving priority to approaches that build local capacity, honor community knowledge, and create sustainable infrastructure for ongoing educational support.
Families, too, must recognize their irreplaceable role in literacy development. Even parents who struggle to read can support their children’s literacy by telling stories, discussing daily activities, asking questions, and creating language-rich environments. In states like Kentucky, where family ties run deep and oral storytelling traditions remain strong, these cultural assets are potent tools for literacy development when families are supported in using them. We have seen, time and again, how multigenerational approaches that invite families to learn together have the power to break cycles of poverty and strengthen the entire family unit.
Community institutions—like libraries, schools, businesses, and healthcare providers—also have essential roles to play. Librarians can extend their reach beyond their physical walls through mobile services. Teachers and principals can reimagine family engagement to welcome parents as true partners, working together for the benefit of children. Business leaders can support employee literacy and create family-friendly policies. Healthcare providers can integrate literacy promotion into well-child visits.
We have seen the undeniable impact of community strategies like these in action. Like the neighbors in Come a Tide, we know that when we unite with a common purpose, even in the face of crisis, we can create worthy new futures for all.
About the Authors
As President and CEO of the National Center for Families Learning, Dr. Felicia C. Smith brings decades of valuable experience to advance NCFL’s mission of eradicating poverty through education solutions for families. She is a firm believer in the power of family literacy and family learning for multi-generational impact, transforming the lives of families and communities.
Smith has served in a variety of leadership roles in P-12, higher education, nonprofits, and philanthropy. Her unique vantage point of a learner’s educational trajectory, from preschool to adulthood, is a result of her experience leading across multiple education systems. Recognized as an Aspen-Pahara education fellow, she serves on several local and national boards. She also holds the position of Vice Chair for the Southern Regional Education Board and was appointed by Kentucky Governor Andy Beshear to chair the state’s Early Childhood Advisory Council. In 2021, Smith participated in The Equity Lab’s prestigious year-long Nexus Fellowship.
Smith holds an Ed.D. in education leadership and administration from the University of Kentucky, an M.A. in elementary education with an emphasis on K-12 literacy development, and a B.S. in elementary education from the University of Louisville.
Follow Dr. Felicia C. Smith on LinkedIn.
Dreama Gentry founded Partners for Rural Impact to ensure rural students have the opportunity to fulfill their educational aspirations, and the national dialogue around educational success includes rural voices. A first-generation college graduate from Appalachia, Gentry is an Annie E. Casey Children and Family Fellow and a Prichard Committee Equity Coalition member, among other honors.